amigaux 1.0 -- Amiga UNIX 2.1 install kit for the Z3660 and classic Amigas,
release 1.0
K1 card: Amiga UNIX (Amix) 2.1 for the Z3660 (68060) in an A3000, A4000 or A4000T
==============================================================================

What is on this card
  hdf/k1-desktop-rtg.hdf  Amix, already installed (200 MB), with the RTG desktop.
                          Its first boot asks for the machine's name, network,
                          time zone, package repository and root password.
  hdf/k1-install.hdf      the installer, interactive (it asks its questions)
  hdf/k1-unatt.hdf        the installer, unattended (installs, then halts)
  hdf/k1-blank200.hdf     an empty 200 MB disk for the installers to install onto

Presets (choose in the Z3660 boot menu; presets/preset.txt picks the default)
  0  K1 Amix desktop (RTG)          boots k1-desktop-rtg at unit 0 (the default)
  1  K1 Amix install (interactive)  installs from k1-install onto k1-blank200
  2  K1 Amix install (unattended)   the same, with no questions; it halts when done
  3  K1 Amix installed (target)     boots k1-blank200 at unit 0 after an install
  4  CD install to SD               installs from an install CD onto cd-target
  5  CD system on SD                boots cd-target at unit 0 after a CD install
  6  CD install, A4092 root         installs from a CD onto a disk behind the A4092
  7  A4092 root system              starts the system on the A4092 disk
  When an installer has finished it halts the system (the interactive one
  asks you to press RETURN first). Wait at least 10 seconds after the halt
  message before you switch off (see the end of this file), and choose
  preset 3 for the next power-on (5 or 7 after a CD install).

CD install (presets 4-7: an A4091 or A4092 with a CD drive at SCSI id 3)
  The CD is never booted: the installer disk boots and installs from it
  (hdf/r6e-cd1-boot-KD060-ZA-CD-c0-u6.hdf at unit 6).
  Use the CD image for where the system goes:
    amix21-install-public060-sd-...iso          presets 4, then 5 (unit 0 on
                                                 this card, hdf/cd-target.hdf)
    amix21-install-public060-a4092root-...iso   presets 6, then 7 (a blank disk
                                                 at SCSI id 1 on the A4092)
  For the A4092 root, hdf/boot-a4092.hdf stays mapped at unit 5: the install
  arms it, and it is how that system starts. The CD install asks its questions
  like the interactive K1 installer; the CD's own README has the details.

Kickstart (you supply it -- the card does not boot without it)
  No Kickstart ROM is included. The presets map a Kickstart image from the
  SD card (kickstart 1). kickstart 0 (the motherboard ROM) works with this
  card's firmware on a real CPU; on stock firmware it black-screens. Keep
  kickstart 1 as your default: it also survives a rollback to the stock
  firmware.

  1. Take the Kickstart 3.x ROM image for your machine (A3000 or A4000): a
     524288-byte file (512 KiB) dumped from your ROMs or from your own
     licensed copy. Known A4000 images (zlib CRC32; other 3.x images should
     work the same way):
       A4kOS323.rom          B6A4698E  Kickstart 3.2.3, A4000: boots (A4000)
       A4000T.47.115.rom     588A5E6D  A4000T Kickstart 47.115: untested
  2. Copy it to kicks/kickstart.rom on this partition (that exact name).
  3. Nothing else to edit: z3660cfg.txt already says
       kickstart1 kicks/kickstart.rom      ext_kickstart2 kicks/kick060_scsi.rom
     and every preset says kickstart 1, ext_kickstart 2, cpu_ram YES,
     amix_mode NO (amix_mode YES would stop the hdf files from booting).
  kicks/kick060.rom and kicks/kick060_scsi.rom are the Z3660's own 68060 and
  SCSI-boot extensions; leave them in place.

Firmware
  This card ships with the project's firmware; stock firmware works with the
  caveats below. The card runs a modified Z3660 firmware (fork 1.0, based on
  Z3660 1.03 BETA 21):
    fat/Z3660.bin     fork 1.0             crc32 C96EAD03
    fat/BOOT.BIN      fork 1.0             crc32 C96EAD03  (start-up loader)
    fat/FAILSAFE.bin  stock 1.03 BETA 21   crc32 C0ADE49A
  At power-on the start-up loader in BOOT.BIN starts Z3660.bin. If that file
  is missing or broken, it falls back to FAILSAFE.bin and then to BOOT.BIN.
  Check a file with the boot menu's SD file manager: key E, then
  "CRC 0:/Z3660.bin". On a PC, use any CRC32 tool.
  Going back to stock, two levels (on a PC, in the FAT partition):
  - quick: delete Z3660.bin. The card then starts the stock 1.03 BETA 21
    firmware (FAILSAFE.bin) under the project's start-up loader (tested).
  - full stock: copy FAILSAFE.bin over BOOT.BIN, then delete Z3660.bin. The
    card then holds upstream's files exactly.
  What the fork changes, and what you get on stock firmware instead:
  - kickstart 0 (use the Kickstart in the Amiga's own ROM sockets) works with
    a real 68060/68040. On stock 1.03 BETA 21 the screen stays black with a
    real CPU; there, map a Kickstart file (kickstartN + kickstart N) instead.
  - A rare timing race could apply a disk request to the previous request's
    block. The fork re-reads the request registers before using them. Stock
    firmware does not.
  Everything else (presets, z3660cfg.txt, the CPLD) is the same as stock.

New in this card set (r6)
  - One kernel for every disk: install to any unit; the root follows the
    disk that was booted (see "Boot order" below).
  - Package engine APKGENG 1.12.3, rebuilt for the 68060 (the July 2026
    engine on the package repository was killed by the 68060 in pkgchk and
    installf -f).
  - Fixed: a rare kernel panic "ttcompat: unexpected ioctl acknowledgment"
    as the console logins started (a stock SVR4 defect).
  - Fixed: a rare hang during installation when memory ran low (a stock
    SVR4 page-out deadlock; the kernel now keeps pages in reserve for it).
  - The 68060 kernel now carries Motorola's 68060 integer support package:
    the integer instructions the 68060 lacks in hardware (64-bit multiply
    and divide, movep, cmp2/chk2) are emulated instead of killing the
    program. Only cas2 (and a misaligned cas) still stops the program.

Boot order -- which disk Amix runs from
  Amix runs from the disk it was started from. The boot loader tells the
  kernel which disk Kickstart booted, and the kernel mounts its root from
  that disk; one console line at every boot says which disk and why, e.g.
    RTH1: root c0d0s1 from the boot disk (board 40000000 id 144b01 unit 0 = card 0)
  The installer disk itself is always unit 6. Install onto any free unit 0
  to 5 (presets 1 and 2 put the blank disk at unit 0); every installed disk
  carries the same kernel, so a disk moved to another unit still boots.
  To run the installed system, use preset 3 (the installed disk alone, at
  unit 0) or preset 0 (the ready-made desktop, at unit 0). Powering on with
  the install preset again also works: the installed disk boots first and
  runs from its own unit. (If an installer does start, it does not wipe the
  installed disk: the unattended one refuses a disk that is not blank, the
  interactive one asks first.)
  Boot priority only decides whether Kickstart starts Amix at all: the
  installers (k1-install, k1-unatt) boot at priority 1 and the installed
  disks (k1-desktop-rtg, and k1-blank200 after an install) at priority 2, so
  both win over a normal AmigaOS disk (priority 0).
  If your own AmigaOS disk has priority 1 or higher, or AmigaOS boots anyway,
  hold both mouse buttons at power-on and pick UNIX_Boot in Boot Options.
  Caveat: when AmigaOS starts by mistake it mounts your AmigaOS volumes
  read-write as usual. Wait until the disk activity stops before you switch
  off or reset, or AmigaOS will have to validate those volumes next time.

Network address (MAC)
  Every copy of this card has the same Ethernet address: the line
  mac_address 02:00:00:00:00:01 in z3660cfg.txt on this partition. If you run
  more than one Z3660 Amix machine on the same network, give each card its own
  address there before you boot it, e.g. 02:00:00:00:00:02, 02:00:00:00:00:03.
  Keep the leading 02 (a locally administered address) and use digits only:
  the firmware misreads the letters A-F.

First boot
  Answer the questions on the console. The root password you choose there
  replaces the installation's temporary one. Until networking is configured the
  Z3660 Ethernet (zen0) stays down. If you skipped networking, set the
  FALLBACK (address), NETMASK and GATEWAY lines near the top of
  /etc/rc2.d/S99zen, then shut down (as root: shutdown -i0 -g0 -y) and
  switch the machine off and on again.
  Answer the questions through to the end, and later switch off only after a
  clean shutdown (as root: shutdown -i0 -g0 -y), waiting at least 10 seconds
  after the halt message (see the end of this file). If the machine is
  switched off in the middle, the next boot checks the disk and may end in a
  black screen: see Troubleshooting.

Troubleshooting
  Black screen or no disk activity: switch the machine off for 20 seconds and
  on again. This cures the known Z3660 start issues, each time they were seen:
    - the screen stays black, or the disks stay quiet, for about 30 seconds
      after power-on;
    - the machine resets itself a few seconds after the Z3660 starts the CPU
      (the screen blanks again and the disks stay quiet);
    - after the machine was switched off without a clean shutdown (also at the
      first-boot questions), the next boot says "The root file system
      (/dev/rdsk/c6d0s1) is being checked", repairs it and restarts Amix by
      itself; on a real 68060 that restart leaves the screen black. The boot
      after the power cycle is clean.
  If it stays black on every power-on, check kicks/kickstart.rom (see
  Kickstart above).

Shut down from a root shell on the console (`shutdown -i0 -g0 -y`) before
switching the machine off. After the halt message, wait at least 10 seconds
before switching the machine off: the Z3660 stores your disks as files on its
SD card, and the card may still be writing internally for a few seconds after
the system has halted; cutting power too early can corrupt the card's
contents.
Do not use reboot or shutdown -i6 on a real 68060: the Z3660 cannot reset the
CPU, so the screen stays black until you switch the machine off and on again.
